Botox 50iu/vial ; 100iu/vial; 150iu/vial


DESCRIPTION

Botulinum Toxin A purified neurotoxin complex is a sterile vacuum-dried purified botulinum toxin. Produced from fermentation of Hall strain Clostridium, Botulinum Toxin Type A grown in a medium containing casein hydrolysate, glucose and yeast extract.

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Botulinum Toxin A blocks neuromuscular transmission by binding to acceptor sites on actor nerve terminals, entering the nerve terminals, and inhibiting the release of acetylcholine. This inhibition occurs as the neurotoxin cleaves SNAP-25, a protein integral to the successful docking and release of acetylcholine from vesicles situated within nerve endings. When injected intramuscularly at therapeutic doses, Botulinum Toxin A produces partial chemical denervation of the muscle resulting in a localized reduction in muscle activity. In addition, the muscle may atrophy, axonal sprouting may occur, and extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors may develop. There is evidence that reinnervation of the muscle may occur, thus slowly reversing muscle denervation produced by Botulinum Toxin A.

PHARMACOKINETICS

Botulinum Toxin Type A is not expected to be present in the peripheral blood at measurable levels following intramuscular injection at the recommended doses. The recommended quantities of neurotoxin administered at each treatment session are not expected to result in systemic, overt distant clinical effects, i. E. Muscle weakness, in patients without other neuromuscular dysfunction. However, sub-clinical systemic effects have been shown by single-fiber electromyography after intramuscular doses of botulinum toxins appropriate to produce clinically observable local muscle weakness. These side effects may be due to local spread of toxin from the injection site and/or misplaced injections.